Table 1. Criteria for frost damage of evergreen broad-leaved trees

Division		Evaluation standard	Evaluation index
Rate of damaged leaves (X1)	Leaf blight(X11)*	Leaves tip dry in the cold wind	(0)No damage, (1)Minor damage: dry 5%~10%,
			(2)Moderate damage: dry 10%~30%, (3)Severe damage: dry 30%~50%.
			(4)Serious damage: dry 50%~100%
	Foliar necrosis (X12)*	Degeneration of Leaf Surface Cuticle Layer	(0)No damage, (1)Minor damage: leaf area 5%~10%,
			(2)Moderate damage: leaf area 10%~30%, (3)Severe damage: leaf area 30%~50%.
			(4)Serious damage: leaf area 50%~100%
Defoliation ratio(X2)*		Degree of deciduous leaves	(0)Minor damage: 20%이하, (1)Moderate damage: 21%~40%,
			(2)Severe damage: 41%~60%, (3)Serious damage: 61 % ~80%, (4) Nearly wither: 81%~100%
Leaf laxity(X6)*		Melting of leaf tissue in cold wind	(0)No damage, (1)Damage
Condition of little branches(X3)*		Frost damage of twigs	(0)No damage, (2)Minor damage(l/4), (3)Moderate damage(2/4), (4)Serious damage(~4/4)
Condition of crown (X4)**		Changing type of tree by frost damage	(0)Natural type of tree (1)Minor damage, (2)Moderate damage, (3)Severe damage, (4)Nearly wither
Vitality of tree(X5)*		Check health by visual judgment	(0)Hearty growth, (2)Moderate healthy, (3) Weak, (4)Neariy wither

Investigation for damage of air pollution(National Institute of Environmental Research, 1988; Lee et al.,1991) application
Investigation for frost damage of Evergreen broad-leaved trees(Lee and Kim, 2017) application