Table 1.
Comparison chart of worldwide national urban parks

Country Legal status Starting time Total Number (as of 2022) Size Land owner Budget source Special characteristics
Japan Act for Urban Parks 1976

12(Yiho Park)

5(Roho Park)

- 300ha ↑ Varies Local Government Central Government (Partially local government matching for maintenance)

Ministry of building and construction taking in charge

Various themes, locations, spatial characteristics

Sweden National Urban Park Act Under Environmental Code 1995 1 About 27km2 Mostly Central Government Local Government (Partially central government matching for maintenance)

Non-governmental organizations initiating national urban park movement

Natural and cultural heritage conservation oriented

Finland Land Use and Building Act 2000 10 Varies (largest: about 20km2) Mostly Local Government Local Government (Partially central government matching for designation)

Ministry of environment highly engaging to the process

Sustainable urban development concept

Various locations, spatial characteristics

Canada Rouge National Urban Park Act 2015 1 About 49km2 Central Government Central Government (Ministry of environment)

Ministry of environment taking in charge of management plan every 10 years

Similar concept as national park

USA Land and Water Conservation Fund 1964 -Many Varies Local Government 50% Central Government (50% State and local government matching for creation and maintenance)

Size of urban park not an issue

Equitable development concept

Germany - (Garden Show) 1951 35 (Hosting City) Varies Local Government Central Government (Partially local government matching for creation and maintenance)

DBG taking in charge

Garden show as a tool for urban development and regeneration