Table 6.
Resources and activities by cultural ecosystem services indicators capable of spatial evaluation in urban forest

Service type Topic number Potential service indicators Terms related to spatial characteristics Image number Description of image contents
Hiking recreation T3 Climbing to the top of the mountain Summit(정상), rock(바위), service center(탐방지원센터), peak(봉우리), parking lot(주차장) T3-A Activities at the summit
T3-B Activities at the peak
T3-C Far view of city-center buildings
T3-D Recreational facility
T13 High-level hiking activities Ridge(능선, 릿지), summit(정상), rock(바위, 암벽), fortress(산성), fortress gate(성문) T13-A Mountain scenery
T13-B Rock climbing activities
T13-C Trekking across the mountain fortress
T16 Recreation activities based on lowland areas Dulegil(둘레길), Jarakgil(자락길), Bukhansan Dulegil(북한산둘레길), trail(트레일, 숲길, 산책로) T16 Trail or forest scenery such as Dullegil
Appreciation of seasonal landscape and recreation T18 Activities of appreciating landscape and hiking in the fall Autumn leaves(단풍) T18 Autumn leaves in autumn
T17 Activities of appreciating water scenery and enjoying recreation in the summer Waterfall(폭포), valley(계곡), cafe(카페), restaurant(맛집) T17-A Water resources such as valleys and waterfalls
T17-B Recreational activities in the valley
T17-C Commercial facility with a view of a valley
Cultural heritage value T4 Exploration of remains and related historical information Temple(사찰), monument(비석), pagoda(석탑), fortress(산성) T4-A Historic site or spot
T4-B Historical information sign
Indirect use value in connection with convenience facilities T15 Outdoor activities based on adjacent commercial facilities outdoor Cafe(카페), restaurant(식당), suburb(근교), Gyeonggi-do(경기도) T15-A Using a nearby restaurant or cafe
T15-B Commercial facility with mountain views
Indirect use value in daily life T9 Values related to a view and a life zone in consideration of adjacent residential facilities Apartment(아파트), villa(빌라), forest influence area(숲세권), housing(주택) T9 Residential facilities near the mountain