Table 1. Technology drivers of the 4th industrial revolution

Division NRC(2017), STPI(2017) Klaus(2016), MGI(2017), Joint Ministry(2017), etc.
Micro-element skill level Core technology Internet of things, cloud computing, big data, artificial intelligence, robot Platform, smart devices such as smart phones and wearable devices, 4D printing, 3D scanning, synthetic biology, biotechnology, ubiquitous computing
Peripheral technology Virtual and augmented reality, drones, 3D printing, blockchain, nano and new materials
Application technology Genetic analysis, gene editing, stem cells, regenerative medicine, neuroscience, renewable energy
Medium-system level Data-based value creation system
Macro-trend level Industrial internet and smart factory, autonomous car, smart energy, car sharing service, digital healthcare, fin tech, regal tech Smart city, smart construction, smart home, smart farm, smart environment, smart grid, smart tourism, smart safety, smart energy, smart healthcare, smart transportation, smart welfare, etc.