Table 1 Categorization of concepts based on ground theory paradigm

Paradigm	Category	Subcategory	Concept
1. Causal conditions	1.1 Willingness of decision maker	1) Recognizing the problem of the decision maker	Visit the site and raise the issue
		2) Formation of improvement	Create a group of experts to direct resolution
			Organizing a forum for the improvement of the park
	1.2 Capacity of design office	1) Social participation	Participate designers in forums
		2) Active proposal	Forum working with basic ideas through configuration
			Sympathy for the community briefing
	1.3 Trust in the design office of decision maker	1) Relationship with the decision maker	Landscape architect capacity recognized status
		2) Create new designs	Complementary design progress
2. Phenomenon	2.1 Resource of site	1) Site resource damaged	Precedence of underground railroad construction
			Original terrain and resource degradation
		2) Field conservation resources	The only preserved ginkgo planting
	2.2 Outside influence	1) Administrative procedure	Advisory system procedure
			Designs go against intent
		2) Lack of design understanding	Lack of design knowledge of executive officers
			Unscheduled public art competition
	2.3 Civil complaint	1) User diversity	Difference in resident's attitudes by housing types
		2) Public and private demand	Resident's presentation and civil service requirements
			Personal needs affect the public interest
3. Context conditions	3.1 Work efficiency	1) Administration's attitude	Quick decision making
			Minimize unnecessary work
		2) Communication and cooperation	Acceptance of the contractor's design change
			Interagency cooperation
	3.2 Empathy of design	1) Empathy for residents	Holding a number of community meetings
		2) Participant target	Trust in the design of the decision maker
			Active communication of design intent to constructors
	3.3 Conditions change	1) Acceptance of changes in conditions	Change in social conditions
			Diverse awareness of change, continuous communication
4. Intervening conditions	4.1 Construction manager of expert on LA	1) Chief of supervision	Understanding the design on supervision
			Arbitration between the owner and the contractor
		2) Construction manager	Understanding and efforts of contraction office
			Development of construction capability in progress
	4.2 Role of a civil officer	1) Competence of working-level civil servants	Understanding the work of working-level officials
			Requires proper expert organization
		2) Execution of administrative results	Performing administrative procedures
			Difficulty mediating results
5. Action & interactional strategies	5.1 Landscape design supervision	1) Design responsibility	Design supervision voluntary fulfillment
			Efforts to maintain design
		2) Central role in communication	Breakdown of field problems and respond quickly
	5.2 Administrative procedure simplify	1) Reduction of interference factor	Omit park construction procedure
			Minimize unnecessary briefing
	5.3 Design development effort	1) Integrated design	Understanding relevant fields, pre-working
			Reviews after experts in landscape design
		2) Collaboration progress	Collaboration of outdoor sculpture design
6. Consequences	6.1 Public park completeness	1) Identity of park	Application of various techniques using materials
			Emphasize park identity and meaning
		2) Recognition of the completion of a park	A large number of awards
	6.2 Degree of satisfaction	1) User satisfaction	Excellent user satisfaction assessment
		2) Work participant satisfaction	A sense of pride in the performance of designers
	6.3 Maintainning of design intent	1) Accordance with design	Completion of construction by maintaining design
		2) Inconsistent space	Lack of communication between some sections
	6.4 Cost and time	1) Cost	Design and construction cost required
		2) Time	Time required to resolve civil complaints
			Time supplemented by communication between related agency