Table 3 Extraction of place-forming elements

Category Elements
Physical environment Curved stone wall, tree-lined street, modern cultural heritage, art gallery, cafe&restaurant, car-free streets
Activities Walking in the urban center, Watching a outdoor performance exploration of history and culture, participation in festival events, Join flea market, watch the changing of the guards ceremony
Meaning History of the korean empire government, breakup street a place of love & romance, link to the stone wall for 130 years, typical gathering place