Study subject | Data based on the objective measurement of the researcher | Subjective data such as the state of mind |
Objectivity | Application of objective measurement tools Complete exclusion of individual subjectivity | Naturally expressing one‘s perception of a particular subject according to the research participant(subject)‘s frame |
Data collecting | According to the researcher‘s point of view, assumed variables are represented as measurable indices. The operational definition and scale of the variables are determined by the researcher. | The researcher does not determine operational definitions and measures for the variables. The research participants (subjects) voluntarily express their opinions on the research topic. |
Analysis method | Factor analysis based on comparisons between individual variables or relationships between several variables | Factor analysis based on correlation between humans |
Study purpose | Discover the structural features of the study subject | Identify the structure of subjective opinions or perceptions of subjects on a particular subject |