| Living space | Hubs | Village forest | 7.34t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019) | 15.90t CO2/ha (NIFOS, 2019) | 11.62t CO2/ha |
| Farmland (eco-friendly farming) | 1.94t CO2/ha (Sing, 2019) | 8.07t CO2/ha (Sing, 2020) | 5.01t CO2/ha |
| Smart farm | 0.10t CO2/m2 (Lee and Cho, 2020) | 0.14t CO2/m2 (Lee and Cho, 2020) | 0.12t CO2/m2 |
| Wetland | 22.20t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019) | 27.85t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019; Kim et al, 2016) | 25.03t CO2/ha |
| Renewable energy facilities | 1.73t CO2/household (Yang and An, 2018) | 3.47t CO2/household (Yang and An, 2018) | 2.60t CO2/household |
| Links | Stream | 22.20t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019) | 22.20t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019) | 22.20t CO2/ha |
| Rainwater recycling system | 3.32kg CO2/household (Lee, 2022a) | 9.84kg CO2/household (Lee, 2012) | 6.58kg CO2/household |
| Green way of village | 7.34t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019) | 7.34t CO2/ha (Song and Yoon, 2019) | 7.34t CO2/ha |
| Living way | Uses | Preservation of existing terrain | 1.68kg CO2/m2 (MLIT, 2022) | 8.40kg CO2/m2 (MLIT, 2022) | 5.04kg CO2/m2 |
| Rural experience and ecotourism | 3.61kg/1person·1time (EPD a) | 171.82kg/1person·1time (EPD b) | 87.72kg/1person·1time |
| Net-zero lifestyle practice | 1.22t CO2/household (ME, 2021) | 3.40t CO2/household (ME, 2021) | 2.31t CO2/household |
| Public electric vehicle | 6.66t CO2/household | 13.32t CO2/household | 9.99t CO2/household |
| ZEHR(passive) | 1.63t CO2/household (Lee et al, 2011) | 2.73t CO2/household (Sa et al, 2014) | 2.46t CO2/household |