Table 1.
List of literature finally adopted in this study (n=38)

Literature Journal Author(Year) Literature Journal Author(Year)
Disturbance, equilibrium, and environmental variability: What is ‘natural’ vegetation in a changing environment? Biological Conservation Sprugel(1991) Setting expectations for the ecological condition of streams: The concept of reference condition Ecological Applications Stoddard et al.(2006)
A conceptual framework for evaluating and quantifying naturalness. Conservation Biology Anderson(1991) Key concepts in a framework for analysing visual landscape character Landscape Research Tveit et al.(2006)
Urban design aesthetics: The evaluative qualities of building exteriors Environment and Behavior Nasar(1994) Assemblages of wood-inhabiting fungi along the gradients of succession and naturalness in boreal pine-Dominated forests in Fennoscandia Ecography Junninen et al.(2006)
Woodpecker assemblages in natural and managed boreal and hemiboreal forest—A review Annales Zoologici Fennici Angelstam and Mikusiński(1994) Microhabitats in lowland beech forests as monitoring tool for nature conservation Forest Ecology and Management Winter et al.(2008)
Preference or preferences for landscape? Journal of Environmental Psychology Purcell(1994) Aesthetic preferences versus ecological objectives in river restorations Landscape and Urban Planning Junker and Buchecker(2008)
Dominant attributes in the perception and evaluation of the Dutch landscape Landscape and Urban Planning Coeterier(1996) Specialised woodpeckers and naturalness in hemiboreal forests–Deriving quantitative targets for conservation planning Biological Conservation Roberge et al.(2008)
Preference and naturalness: An ecological approach Landscape and Urban Planning Purcell and Lamb (1998) Indicators of perceived naturalness as drivers of landscape preference Journal of Environmental Management Ode et al.(2009)
At home with nature: Effects of “greenness” on children’s cognitive functioning Environment and Behavior Wells(2000) Neighborhood satisfaction, physical and perceived naturalness and openness Journal of Environmental Psychology Hur et al.(2010)
The natural imperative for biological conservation Conservation Biology Angermeier(2000) Guiding concepts for park and wilderness stewardship in an era of global environmental change Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment Hobbs et al.(2010)
The significance of different indices for stand structure and diversity in forests Forest Ecology and Management Neumann and Starlinger(2001) A framework for assessing ecological quality based on ecosystem services Ecological Complexity Paetzold et al.(2010)
The new biophilia: An exploration of visions of nature in Western countries Environmental Conservation Van den Born et al.(2001) Grassland restoration on former croplands in Europe: An assessment of applicability of techniques and costs Biodiversity and Conservation Török et al.(2011)
Views of nature and self-discipline: Evidence from inner city children Journal of Environmental Psychology Taylor et al.(2022) Toward best practices for developing regional connectivity maps Conservation Biology Beier et al.(2011)
Woodland spaces and edges: Their impact on perception of safety and preference Landscape and Urban Planning Jorgensen et al.(2002) Natural forest dynamics in boreal fennoscandia: A review and classification Silva Fennic Kuuluvainen and Aakala(2011)
Effects of recreational use impacts on hiking experiences in natural areas Landscape and Urban Planning Lynn and Brown(2003) A landscape analysis of land cover change in the municipality of Rome (Italy): Spatio-temporal characteristics and ecological implications of land cover transitions from 1954 to 2001 Landscape and Urban Planning Frondoni et al.(2011)
The human dimensions of urban greenways: Planning for recreation and related experiences Landscape and Urban Planning Gobster and Westphal(2004) Assessment of landscape aesthetics—Validation of a landscape metrics-based assessment by visual estimation of the scenic beauty Ecological Indicators Frank et al.(2013)
Fractal dimension of landscape silhouette outlines as a predictor of landscape preference Journal of Environmental Psychology Hagerhall et al.(2004) Evaluating restoration in urban green spaces: Does setting type make a difference? Landscape and Urban Planning Van den Berg et al.(2014)
Linking pattern and process in cultural landscapes. An empirical study based on spatially explicit indicators Land Use Policy Wrbka et al.(2004) Understanding and quantifying landscape structure - A review on relevant process characteristics, data models and landscape metrics Ecological Modelling Lausch et al.(2015)
Perceptions of urban stream corridors within the greenway system of Sapporo, Japan Landscape and Urban Planning Asakawa et al.(2004) The effects of naturalness, gender, and age on how urban green space is perceived and used Urban Forestry & Urban Greening Sang et al.(2016)
Structural pattern of a near-natural beech forest (Fagus sylvatica) (Serrahn, North-east Germany) Forest ecology and Management Oheimb et al.(2005) Where are Europe's last primary forests? Diversity and Distributions Sabatini et al.(2018)