Table 2. Analysis results between original images and rotated images

Contents		Pixel	Top1 / Top3 / Top5 (Numbers)	Top1 / Top3 / Top5 Accuracy(%)
VGG-16	Images rotated by 90°	224 × 224	268 / 376 / 425	46 / 68 / 76
		448 × 448	478 / 520 / 536	86 / 94 / 96
	Images rotated by 180°	224 × 224	156 / 192 / 219	28 / 34 / 39
		448 × 448	425 / 470 / 493	76 / 85 / 89
	Images rotated by 270°	224 × 224	277 / 378 / 408	50 / 68 / 73
		448 × 448	464 / 470 / 493	83 / 85 / 89
ResNet50	Images rotated by 90°	224 × 224	152 / 377 / 425	27 / 68 / 76
		448 × 448	456 / 512 / 527	82 / 92 / 95
	Images rotated by 180°	224 × 224	192 / 312 / 371	35 / 56 / 67
		448 × 448	483 / 540 / 546	87 / 97 /98
	Images rotated by 270°	224 × 224	276 / 381 / 433	50 / 68 / 78
		448 × 448	447 / 513 / 530	80 / 92 / 95

a: A total of 556 images are the target of the comparative experiment